September 1, 20023 | No 346
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THINGS WE FIND INTERESTING
We enjoy sharing interesting findings with you and hope they pique your interest too. While we may not always endorse or agree with everything we share, we strive to provide information that can aid you in your pursuit of mental and physical wellness.
New Obesity Treatment Discovered That Allows Weight Loss While Eating Normally
Researchers have made a significant discovery that brings hope to the 1 billion people worldwide with obesity. They have uncovered new insights into fat metabolism regulation focused on star-shaped non-neuronal brain cells called astrocytes.
The team found a cluster of neurons in the hypothalamus called the GABRA5 cluster that act as a switch regulating fat accumulation. When these neurons slow down, it leads to weight gain. Speeding them up causes weight loss.
Astrocytes Regulate Neurons That Control Fat Metabolism
In a surprising finding, the astrocytes in the hypothalamus were discovered to control the GABRA5 neurons. The astrocytes increase in size and number and produce more of the enzyme MAO-B, which generates the neurotransmitter GABA. The excess GABA inhibits the GABRA5 neurons, disrupting normal fat metabolism.
Suppressing MAO-B in the reactive astrocytes reduced their GABA secretion, reversing the inhibition of the GABRA5 neurons. This increased fat burning and enabled weight loss in obese mice without suppressing appetite.
New Drug Allows Weight Loss in Mice While Eating Freely
The researchers tested a new MAO-B inhibitor drug KDS2010 that is in early clinical trials. It caused substantial fat loss and weight reduction in obese mice without restricting their food intake.
Targeting reactive astrocytes offers a potential new avenue for obesity treatment that doesn’t require dieting. The ability to lose weight while eating normally brings hope for effectively combating the global obesity epidemic.
The article originally appeared in: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2023/08/230831121624.htm
Materials provided by Institute for Basic Science.
References:
Moonsun Sa, Eun-Seon Yoo, Wuhyun Koh, Mingu Gordon Park, Hyun-Jun Jang, Yong Ryoul Yang, Mridula Bhalla, Jae-Hun Lee, Jiwoon Lim, Woojin Won, Jea Kwon, Joon-Ho Kwon, Yejin Seong, Byungeun Kim, Heeyoung An, Seung Eun Lee, Ki Duk Park, Pann-Ghill Suh, Jong-Woo Sohn, C. Justin Lee. Hypothalamic GABRA5-positive neurons control obesity via astrocytic GABA. Nature Metabolism, 2023; DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00877-w
What is GABRA5?
GABRA5 refers to a cluster of neurons in the hypothalamus region of the brain that express receptors for the neurotransmitter GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid).
Some key points about GABRA5:
- – The name comes from the neurons expressing the α5 subunit of the GABAA receptor.
- These neurons act as an important switch or regulator for fat metabolism and weight regulation.
- When GABRA5 neuron activity slows down, it leads to reduced energy expenditure, fat accumulation, and weight gain.
- Speeding up GABRA5 neuron activity has the opposite effect, increasing fat burning and enabling weight loss.
- The GABRA5 neurons are regulated by astrocytes in the hypothalamus through release of the neurotransmitter GABA.
- Excess GABA secretion from reactive astrocytes inhibits the GABRA5 neurons, disrupting normal metabolism.
- Targeting the regulation of GABRA5 neurons by astrocytes offers a potential new approach to treating obesity without suppressing appetite or requiring dieting.
In summary, the GABRA5 neurons play a key role in controlling fat metabolism and body weight, and finding ways to properly regulate their activity could lead to new anti-obesity therapies.
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This Week’s Recipe
Healthy Zucchini Tomato Italian Sausage Soup
This Zucchini Tomato Italian Sausage Soup is delicious, nourishing and packed with healthy vegetables. easy healthy soup recipe Ever!
Zucchini Tomato Italian Sausage Soup Recipe – Delicious, nourishing and packed with healthy vegetables. You’ll enjoy every spoonful of our zucchini tomato Italian sausage soup. It is an easy 30-minute soup recipe that cooks right on the stovetop for a comforting and satisfying dinner. Try this Italian sausage soup and add some warmth to your day. Enjoy!
HOW TO MAKE CHICKEN ZUCCHINI CASSEROLE
Start by seasoning the chicken breastwith garlic powder, oregano, salt, and pepper, with a drizzle of olive oil. Top with onion, zucchini, and tomato. Finish of with shredded cheeses. Bake in the oven for 20 to 25 minutes, depending on the size of your chicken breasts.
INGREDIENTS LIST FOR THE ZUCCHINI TOMATO ITALIAN SAUSAGE SOUP
- 1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil
- 1 pound Italian sweet sausage, removed from casings
- 1 cup diced celery
- 2 cups chopped onion
- 2 cups red bell pepper, diced (about one large pepper)
- 2 garlic cloves, minced
- A pinch red pepper flakes
- ¼ cup tomato paste
- 2 pounds zucchini cut into bite-sized pieces
- 5 fresh plum tomatoes, diced
- ½ teaspoon freshly ground black pepper
- 2 quarts (2 l) low-sodium chicken broth or vegetable broth
- 1 cup coarsely grated Parmesan cheese
- 1 tablespoon of parmesan rind (optional)
- 2 tablespoons chopped fresh basil
- 1 fresh thyme sprig
- 1 tablespoon Parmesan cheese for garnish, optional
DIRECTIONS
- To make the zucchini tomato Italian sausage soup: In a large pot or large Dutch oven, heat the olive oil over medium-high heat. Add Italian sausage meat and cook, breaking up the meat with a wooden spoon, until browned – approx. 5 minutes.
- Once the Italian sausage meat has browned, add onion, celery, and bell pepper and sauté for four minutes.
- Move the meat and vegetables to the sides and lower the heat to medium (If your pot isn’t large enough, remove the meat and veggies to a salad bowl, you’ll add them back afterward). Add garlic, pepper flakes, and tomato paste to the center of the Dutch oven and cook for two minutes, stirring occasionally.
- Add tomatoes, zucchini, pepper, chicken broth, Parmesan rind, and Parmesan cheese along with fresh basil and fresh thyme and stir well to combine.
Bring the soup to a simmer and cook covered until the vegetables are tender – about 10 to 15 minutes. - Remove the soup from heat and take out the Parmesan rinds. Serve the zucchini tomato Italian sausage soup immediately with more fresh basil and Parmesan cheese on top. Enjoy! ❤️
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